pression osmotique<\/a>, on force l’eau \u00e0 quitter le compartiment sous pression en d\u00e9pit de l’augmentation de concentration en solut\u00e9 qui s’y produit, et de la dilution qui se fait dans l’autre compartiment.<\/p>\nFonctionnement d’un adoucisseur \u00a0Industriel<\/h1>\n
L’adoucissement est la technique utilis\u00e9e pour supprimer le TH de l\u2019eau (du \u00e0 la pr\u00e9sence des sels alcalino-terreux : carbonates, sulfates et chlorures de calcium et de magn\u00e9sium).<\/p>\n
L’adoucisseur est un appareil qui utilise une r\u00e9sine \u00e9changeuse d\u2019ions et le principe consiste \u00e0 permuter les ions calcium et magn\u00e9sium qui constituent la duret\u00e9 de l\u2019eau par des ions sodium li\u00e9s \u00e0 la r\u00e9sine de l\u2019adoucisseur. L’\u00e9change ionique d’adoucissement<\/strong> sera r\u00e9alis\u00e9 sur un support solide constitu\u00e9 d’une r\u00e9sine initialement charg\u00e9e en sodium. Chaque ion Ca2+ et Mg2+ va chasser de la r\u00e9sine 2 ions Na+.<\/p>\nL’op\u00e9ration d’adoucissement va se poursuivre jusqu’\u00e0 ce qu’il n’y ait plus d’ions Na+ sur la r\u00e9sine. Lorsque tous les ions sodium ont \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9chang\u00e9s, on dit que la r\u00e9sine est satur\u00e9e et elle doit \u00eatre r\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9e. Il faut donc la recharger en ions sodium pour lui redonner son pouvoir adoucissant. Pour cela on va effectuer une r\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ration de la r\u00e9sine avec une saumure (solution de NaCl satur\u00e9e ou chlorure de sodium). Les ions Na+ vont se fixer sur la r\u00e9sine, tandis que les ions Cl- entra\u00eeneront vers l’\u00e9gout les ions Ca2+ et Mg2+ qui \u00e9taient fix\u00e9s sur la r\u00e9sine. Ainsi, les ions sodium sont de nouveau remis en place sur les r\u00e9sines, alors que les ions calcium et magn\u00e9sium sont \u00e9vacu\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9gout sous forme de chlorures. Une succession de rin\u00e7age permet d\u2019\u00e9liminer la saumure.<\/p>\n
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Principe d\u2019osmose Inverse\u00a0: L’eau comporte des\u00a0solut\u00e9s, particuli\u00e8rement des sels. Si deux solutions de concentrations diff\u00e9rentes sont plac\u00e9es de chaque c\u00f4t\u00e9 d’une\u00a0membrane\u00a0filtre, l’eau franchira la membrane par\u00a0osmose\u00a0jusqu’\u00e0 ce que les concentrations s’\u00e9quilibrent ou que la diff\u00e9rence de pression d\u00e9passe la\u00a0pression osmotique\u00a0(le d\u00e9placement d’eau fait diminuer la concentration dans le compartiment o\u00f9 l’eau afflue et la fait…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":4915,"template":"","meta":[],"product_cat":[86],"product_tag":[85],"class_list":["post-4879","product","type-product","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","product_cat-osmose-inverse","product_tag-osmose","first","instock","shipping-taxable","product-type-simple","col-xs-6 col-sm-4","col-md-3 col-lg-3","un-4-cols"],"yoast_head":"\n
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